Effectiveness evaluation of water-sprinkling in controlling urban fugitive road dust based on TRAKER method: A case study in Baoding, China

Fugitive road dust (FRD) contributes a great deal to urban rainwater and air pollution and is commonly controlled by water-sprinkling in most Chinese cities. However, there is a lack of information on its effectiveness. We used the Testing Re-entrained Aerosol Kinetic Emissions from Roads (TRAKER) method to monitor different types of roads in Baoding city before and within 1 hr after water-sprinkling and obtained the road dirtiness index (a) and PM concentration in the road environment ($T_{\mathrm{T}}^{*}$), to evaluate the removal efficiency for PM deposited on the road surface (${\eta }_a$) and the reduction efficiency for the PM concentration in the road environment (${\eta }_{\text{PM}}$). The results give that the ${\eta }_a$ for three types of roads is ranked: branch road (87%-–100%) > major arterial road (80%-83%) > minor arterial road (68%-77%), and the ${\eta }_{\text{PM}}$ ranked: minor arterial road (70%) > branch road (46%-58%) > major arterial road (37%-53%). The ${\eta }_a$ and ${\eta }_{\text{PM}}$ varied non-linearly with time and presented a quadratic curve. The average effective control time (${\eta }_{\mathit{a}}$> 0) was 62 min on the major and minor arterial roads, and much longer than 1 hr on branch roads. The ${\eta }_{\text{PM}}$ values diminished completely by 72 min on average from the end of sprinkling for the three types of roads. Water-sprinkling can remove PM₁₀ particles from the road surface and reduce their concentration in the road environment more thoroughly than PM_2.5. Our findings could be helpful for controlling urban FRD emissions more efficiently and precisely.     

第二松花江中下游水体邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征

通过采集和分析第二松花江中下游水和底泥样品,探讨了该河段水体中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)含量及其分布特征。结果表明第二松花江中下游水体中PAEs以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)两种为主。水中PAEs总量较高,DBP和DEHP含量均已超过我国地表水标准限值。底泥中PAEs总量与国内外一些河流底泥中的含量相近,但DBP和DEHP含量均已超过了美国华盛顿州的警戒标准。底泥中PAEs含量沿程分布总体上均呈现先增加后减少的特征;水体中PAEs含量及其分布特征主要受流域内工农业活动的影响。     

粉末活性炭-超滤膜处理黄浦江原水的研究

采用粉末活性炭与超滤膜联用技术处理黄浦江原水。试验表明．投加粉末活性炭不会造成膜过滤阻力的增加。粉末活性炭的投加量越多，膜过滤阻力也越小。粉末活性炭与膜联用能有效地提高有机物的去除效果。     

预处理的铜绿假单胞菌对Cu2+的生物吸附研究

从电镀废水污泥中分离，纯化获一高抗铜菌株，经鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa)，采用不同浓度盐酸对铜绿假单胞菌进行预处理，同时考察了不同因素如溶液的pH，温度，摇床转速，接触反应时间对未处理菌和预处理的影响，结果表明，经0．1NHCl预处理的菌体具有最佳吸附效果，pH、摇床转速对菌体的吸附具有较显著影响，温度对菌体吸附影响不大。     

研究单位压边力值对板料成形性能的影响

主要介绍板料在拉深成形过程中单位压边力值对板料成形性能的影响。研究方法采用仿真技术 ,指出板料在成形过程中如按最初设定的单位压边力值进行成形 ,那么 ,板料成形过程中单位压边力值将逐渐增大 ,严重影响板料成形极限。如果采用控制板料在成形过程中压边圈下坯料的单位压边力值 ,将提高板料成形极限。其结论为生产现场提高板料成形性能和表面质量提供了一种可实施的方法。     

张道口-1井水位观测精度变化分析研究

本文对张道口-1井模拟水位、数字化水位观测精度进行了对比，进一步分析了影响数字化水位观测精度的几个因素，提出了数字化水位在日常观测中应注意的几个问题。     

垃圾渗滤液的混疑处理实验研究

用聚合氯化铝(PAC)．聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)．复合混凝剂(90％PAC 10％PAM)及试剂A(一种壳聚糖)等4种混凝剂在不同pH及不同投加量的情况下．对垃圾渗滤液COD的去除效果进行了比较分析。实验结果表明。复合混凝剂及试剂A的处理效果明显优于PACPAM。在pH值5.5和8时。复合混凝剂投加量为400mg／L时。COD的去除率分别为38．63％和37．84％：试剂A在pH为8．投加量为100mg／L时。对COD的去除率达到39．85％。     

深圳:向"雨洪"要水

“到2020年，深圳本地水资源可供水量占总供水量的比重将由目前的27％提高到45％，新增雨洪资源利用量达4．9亿立方米。”这是不久前通过专家鉴定的《深圳雨洪资源利用规划研究》（以下简称规划）提出的目标。     

Decomplexation of Cu-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid by a three-dimensional electrolysis system with activated biochar as particle electrodes

The feasibility of decomplexation removal of typical contaminants in electroplating wastewater, complexed Cu(II) with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Cu-HEDP), was first performed by a three-dimensional electric reactor with activated biochar as particle electrodes. For the case of 50 mg/L Cu-HEDP, Cu(II) removal (90.7%) and PO initial pH 7, acid-treated almond shell biochar (AASB) addition 20 g/L, and reaction time 180 min, with second-order rate constants of 1.10 × 10⁻³ and 1.94 × 10⁻⁵ min⁻¹respectively. The growing chelating effect between Cu(II) and HEDP and the comprehensive actions of adsorptive accumulation, direct and indirect oxidation given by particle electrodes accounted for the enhanced removal of Cu-HEDP, even though the mineralization of HEDP was mainly dependent on anode oxidation. The performance attenuation of AASB particle electrodes was ascribed to the excessive consumption of oxygen-containing functionalities during the reaction, especially acidic carboxylic groups and quinones on particle electrodes, which decreased from 446.74 to 291.48 µmol/g, and 377.55 to 247.71 µmol/g, respectively. Based on the determination of adsorption behavior and indirect electrochemical oxidation mediated by in situ electrogenerated H₂O₂ and reactive oxygen species (e.g., •OH), a possible removal mechanism of Cu-HEDP by three-dimensional electrolysis was further proposed.     

高锰酸盐指数测定中校正系数K值的变化验证

运用数理统计方法,验证了高锰酸盐指数测定的校正系数K值在4～5h内不会随时间和水样的变化而变化,K值不必每个样品都测定。